![]() ![]() “ Short’s book highlights a developing and sophisticated art and science of ventilating buildings through the 19 th and earlier-20 th centuries, including the design of ingeniously ventilated hospitals. The answer is in the first part of paragraph D where we find the reference of Alan Short putting his interest in the works of John Shaw Billings. Keywords for this answer: Alan short, examined, John Shaw Billings, influenced, architectural, ensure, ventilation, Question 19: Professor Alan Short examined the work of John Shaw Billings, who influenced the architectural _ of hospitals to ensure they had good ventilation. Title of the summary: Ventilation in 19th-century hospital wards Question 19-26: (Completing summary with ONE WORD ONLY) Here, ‘relentlessly and aggressively marketed’ means advertisements, widespread introduction means large increase before the widespread introduction of air conditioning systems, which were ‘relentlessly and aggressively marketed’ by their inventors.” The answer is the last lines of the second part of paragraph B. Keywords for this question: advertising, large increase, air conditioning, Question 18: an implication that advertising led to the large increase in the use of air conditioning “We put pathogens in the airstreams, modeled for someone with tuberculosis (TB) coughing in the wards and we found the ventilation systems in the room would have kept other patients safe from harm.” “ “We spent three years digitally modeling Billings’ final designs”, says Short. The second part of paragraph D is a description of how Short tested the circulation of air in Johns Hopkins Hospital building which was built in the 19 th Century. Keywords for this question: how, Short tested, circulation of sir, 19th-century building, ![]() Question 17: how Short tested the circulation of air in a 19th-century building So, we can find a clear comparison of the circulation of air between 19th Century building and modern-day buildings. The writer says, “We discovered that 19th Century hospital wards could generate up to 24 air changes an hour – that’s similar to the performance of a modern-day, computer-controlled operating theatre.” ![]() The answer can be found in the first lines of paragraph E. Keywords for this question: comparison, circulation of air, 19th century, modern standards, Question 16: a comparison between the circulation of air in a 19th-century building and modern standards Here, the suggestion made by Alan Short means the tall buildings (skyscrapers) symbolizes status (prestige). Short regards glass, steel and air-conditioned skyscrapers as symbols of status, rather than practical ways of meeting our requirements.” The answer is in the last lines of paragraph C. Keywords for this question: popularity, tall buildings, linked to prestige, Question 15: a suggestion that the popularity of tall buildings is linked to prestige ![]() This means they were avoiding hospitals at that time. These lines suggest that 19th-century people were feeling panicked (terrified) people shouting (clamouring) for such hospital designs that could protect them from miasmas. Here, the writer says, “Much of the ingenuity present in 19th-century hospital and building design was driven by a panicked public clamouring for buildings that could protect against what was thought to be the lethal threat of miasmas – toxic air that spread disease.” The answer lies in paragraph F in the first lines. Keywords for this question: people avoided, hospitals, 19th century, Question 14: why some people avoided hospitals in the 19th century Questions 14-18: (Identifying information) Reading Passage 2: The headline of the passage: Back to the future of skyscraper design IELTS Cambridge 14 Test 2: AC Reading Module Finding IELTS Reading answers is a gradual process and I hope this post can help you in your IELTS Reading preparation. This post can easily guide you the best to comprehend every Reading answer. This is an aimed post for candidates who have major problems in finding Reading Answers. This IELTS Reading post focuses on all the solutions for IELTS Cambridge 14 Reading Test 2 Passage 2 which is entitled ‘Back to the future of skyscraper design’. ![]()
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